66 урок английского языка, the lie of journalists, is done/was done, is being done, has been done

The journalists who lied and got caught!

 

Open a newspaper  and you expect to read, more or less, the truth. So what happens when it turns out that journalists invent their stories? Ask Janet Cooke or Stephen Glass or Ingo Mocek. They all spent parts of their careers inventing stories before being caught and fired.

Откройте газету, и вы ожидаете, чтобы прочитаете, более или менее, правда. Так что же происходит, когда выясняется, что журналисты придумывают свои истории? Спросите Джанет Кук и Стивен Гласс или Инго Mocek. Все они провели часть своей карьеры изобретая истории, прежде чем быть пойманными и уволенными.

Imagine the scene:WashingtonDC, 1980. Janet Cooke writes a long article for The Washington Post describing the world of eight-year-old Jimmy, a child living in terrible conditions in the poorest part of the city.

Представьте себе сцену:WashingtonDC, 1980. Джанет Кук пишет большую статью для Washington Post, описания мира восьми-летнего Джимми, ребенка, который живет в ужасных условиях в беднейшей части города.

She writes about every detail of his life, even describing the «baby-smooth skin of his thin brown arms».  The story shocksWashington, and Cooke wins a Pulitzer Prize for outstanding journalism. But when the city government tries to find Jimmy to help him, Cooke goes quiet.

Она пишет о каждой детали его жизни, даже описания «ребенка гладкую кожу, его тонкие смуглые руки». История потрясла Вашингтоне, и Кук выиграла Пулитцеровскую премию за выдающиеся журналистики. Но когда городские власти пытались найти Джимми, чтобы помочь ему, Кук замолчала.

Under pressure, she eventually admits that Jimmy doesn’t exist. Под давлением, она в конце концов признает, что Джимми не существует.

Is done/was done!

 

The room is cleaned every day.

The room was cleaned yesterday.

The passive (пассивное состояние предложения) состоит из:

Present simple (am/is/are) or past simple (was/were) + past participle – третья форма глагола (для регулярных глаголов cleaned, injured, invented или для нерегулярных глаголов done, taken, built).

Orangesare imported intoBritain.

Butter is made from milk.

I was born inLondonin 1980.

Where were you born?

Очень часто вместе с passive используется приставка by.

The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell in 1876.

My brother was bitten by a dog last week.

We were woken up by a loud noise.

Is being done/has been done!

 

Present continuous passive (is/are being…).

The door is being painted. (it’s passive).

My vehicle is at the garage. It is being repaired. (it’s for regular verbs).

Some new houses are being built opposite the park. (it’s for irregular verbs).

Если сравнивать, то present continuous отличается от present simple только глаголом being.

The flat is being cleaned at the moment. (continuous)

The flat is cleaned every day. (simple)

 

 Has/have been… (present perfect passive).

The door has been painted. (it’s passive).

My key has been stolen. (=somebody has stolen it)

My key has been stolen. (=somebody has stolen them)

I haven’t been invited and I’m not going to the party.

Has this shirt been washed?

 

Если сравнивать present perfect и past simple, то разница здесь только в has been  и was:

The flat is clean now. It has been cleaned. (perfect)

The flat was cleaned yesterday. (simple).

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